Regenerative Braking Force Distribution Study on Hybrid Electric Vehicles
VERSION OF RECORD ONLINE: 25/08/2025
Corressponding author's email:
2230514@student.hcmute.edu.vnDOI:
https://doi.org/10.54644/jte.2025.1886Keywords:
Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), Regenerative Braking System (RBS), Braking Force Distribution (BFD), State of Charge (SOC), Energy Recovery Efficiency (ERE)Abstract
The ability to recover kinetic energy is an inherent advantage of hybrid vehicles due to the integration of the regenerative braking system. The structure, design, and control mechanism of hybrid vehicles differ significantly from conventional vehicles using mechanical braking. Among these differences, the control algorithm plays a crucial role in optimizing energy recovery during braking. This study focuses on the regenerative braking force distribution strategy in a power-split Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) system. The control strategy is implemented in two stages: the first stage prioritizes distributing braking force to the front axle to ensure compliance with ECE regulations and the ideal braking force distribution curve, the second stage employs a fuzzy logic controller to optimize the coordination between regenerative braking force and mechanical braking force. The fuzzy controller has three inputs: vehicle speed, braking intensity, and battery state of charge (SOC). The braking force distribution model was developed in MATLAB/Simulink and evaluated through different driving cycles, including UDDS, NEDC, URBAN, and WLTC. Simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy significantly improves energy recovery efficiency. Specifically, the energy recovery efficiency is 40 % for URBAN, 37,54 % for UDDS, 30,75 % for WLTC, and 26,92 % for NEDC cycles, respectively. These results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed regenerative braking force distribution control strategy.
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