The Effect of Phase Transformation on Residual Stress During Welding of EN 10025-2 Steel Pipe by Numerical Simulation
Online First: 25/08/2026
Corressponding author's email:
nhthanh@nute.edu.vnDOI:
https://doi.org/10.54644/jte.2026.2512Keywords:
EN 10025-2 steel, Phase transformation, Temperature, Residual stress, Numerical simulationAbstract
Temperature field plays a role in the phase transformation of steel and influences the residual stress. Experimental temperature measurement during welding is difficult, costly, and harmful to the health of the welders. This study uses SYSWELD software to determine the temperature field, residual stress, and phase transformation during welding of EN 10025-2 carbon steel pipe joint with an outer diameter D = 150 mm, inner diameter d = 140 mm, and a length of 100 mm. The welding thermal cycle influences the formation of structures such as mactenxit and bainite, and also affects the workability of the welded structure. In the weld seam and heat affected zone (HAZ), bainite transformation reached 84%. At the beginning and end of the weld seam, the bainite content was 53% and mactenxit was 46.6%. Meanwhile, the austenite concentration was very low, about 0.18%. The high content of bainite and mactenxit (these are two hard and brittle phases) results in residual tensile stress in the X-direction of 499 MPa and in the Y-direction of 526 MPa, which are higher than the material's yield strength, potentially causing cracks to appear during operation.
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